Analytical Study of Bioethical Rights in Islam

Abstract

This study is an analytic discussion of bioethical rights in Islam whereby the Islamic doctrine is analyzed in terms of offering an overall moral guide to issues of modern biomedical concern. As an interdisciplinary discipline, bioethics addresses ethical issues posed by the progress in medicine and life sciences. These ethical issues are informed by the divine principles in the Islamic perspective which are based on the Quran, Sunnah and other sources of Islamic jurisprudence. This paper will set out to examine the principles, concepts and applications of bioethics within an Islamic context with special focus on protection of human dignity, preservation of life, and social justice. The methodology of the research is qualitative and analytical, appeals to classical texts of Islam, and to the modern academic interpretations. The main bioethical challenges, including abortion, euthanasia, organ transplantation, genetic engineering, and assisted reproductive technologies are critically discussed in the context of Islamic principles Maqasid al-Shariah (objectives of Islamic law), Maslahah (public interest), as well as Darurah (necessity). Rights of patients and duties of healthcare providers under an Islamic ethical system are also brought to the fore in the study.The evidence indicates that Islamic bioethics presents a harmonious and actively developing paradigm that helps to keep up with scientific advances without crossing moral limits. It underlines the sanctity of human life, the significance of intent, and the avoidance of injury. Besides, the paper shows the necessity of ongoing Ijtihad (independent thinking) in response to the new bioethical issues in contemporary society. The study concludes that Islamic bioethical values are still very important and can play a great role in the world ethics discussion in both healthcare and medicine.

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